320 research outputs found
On the index of Simon's congruence for piecewise testability
© 2014 Elsevier B.V. Simon's congruence, denoted by ∼ n , relates words having the same subwords of length up to n. We show that, over a k-letter alphabet, the number of words modulo ∼ n is in 2 Θ (n k-1 lognθ)
Safety evaluation of directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) regimen in a tertiary care hospital, Pune
Background: Directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) is a cornerstone of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program of India. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by this therapy is common and it causes significant morbidity and mortality. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the incidence and pattern of ADRs and to assess causality and severity.Methods: We conducted prospective, observational study at DOTS center of tertiary care hospital, Pune. 150 pulmonary tuberculosis patients undergoing DOTS therapy were enrolled. They were monitored weekly in an intensive phase and monthly in the continuation phase. The suspected ADRs were recorded and assessed for causality and severity by standard algorithms.Results: Incidence of ADRs due to DOTS was 19.33% & total 35 ADRs had occurred in our study. Gastrointestinal intolerance, arthralgia & itching with or without rashes were most common ADRs (incidence rates: 12.67%, 2.67% and 2.67%, respectively). On evaluation of causality by Naranjo algorithm, majority of ADRs 91.43% were “possible.” As per WHO- Uppsala Monitoring Center scale, majority of ADRs 91.43% were “possible.” As per Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale, majority of ADRs were “moderate” (48.57%) but 8.57% were “severe.” Female gender was found to be a significant risk factor for developing ADRs (odds ratio: 3.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.33-7.12. 3.33%). ADRs & hepatotoxicity was major reason for defaulting from DOTS (60%).Conclusion: ADRs induced by DOTS are common and there is need of incorporating pharmacovigilance system for this vital public health program. Counseling of patients for timely prevention, detection, and management of ADRs will help in minimizing the further occurrence of ADRs
Enhancement of reactivity and increased usage of low lime class -F-fly ash-possible avenues
The low lime class-F fly ash available in the country shows high degree of variability in the quality, higher content of crystallites , lower glassy phase which accounts for lower of usage in cement and concrete . The time reactivity test used for assessing the pozzolanicity of fly ash did not always correlate with its observed reactivity in Blended cements . An alternative
rapid alkali reactivity rest developed at the authors ' laboratory is illustrated in the paper. The paper also discusses the possibility of increasing the reactivity of fly ash and effect of the reactive fly ash on characteristics of PPC and concrete. The paper further discusses other avenues of fly ash utilisation, which could be categorised as low, medium and high value applications. One of such applications developed at the authors ' laboratory that merits special interest, is the Hydrogel process of clinkerisation , which has a potential for utilisation of 20-30% fly ash as a raw material in cement manufacture
The Parametric Ordinal-Recursive Complexity of Post Embedding Problems
Post Embedding Problems are a family of decision problems based on the
interaction of a rational relation with the subword embedding ordering, and are
used in the literature to prove non multiply-recursive complexity lower bounds.
We refine the construction of Chambart and Schnoebelen (LICS 2008) and prove
parametric lower bounds depending on the size of the alphabet.Comment: 16 + vii page
Stochastic integration based on simple, symmetric random walks
A new approach to stochastic integration is described, which is based on an
a.s. pathwise approximation of the integrator by simple, symmetric random
walks. Hopefully, this method is didactically more advantageous, more
transparent, and technically less demanding than other existing ones. In a
large part of the theory one has a.s. uniform convergence on compacts. In
particular, it gives a.s. convergence for the stochastic integral of a finite
variation function of the integrator, which is not c\`adl\`ag in general.Comment: 16 pages, some typos correcte
An overview of Viscosity Solutions of Path-Dependent PDEs
This paper provides an overview of the recently developed notion of viscosity
solutions of path-dependent partial di erential equations. We start by a quick
review of the Crandall- Ishii notion of viscosity solutions, so as to motivate
the relevance of our de nition in the path-dependent case. We focus on the
wellposedness theory of such equations. In partic- ular, we provide a simple
presentation of the current existence and uniqueness arguments in the
semilinear case. We also review the stability property of this notion of
solutions, in- cluding the adaptation of the Barles-Souganidis monotonic scheme
approximation method. Our results rely crucially on the theory of optimal
stopping under nonlinear expectation. In the dominated case, we provide a
self-contained presentation of all required results. The fully nonlinear case
is more involved and is addressed in [12]
Frequency Dependence of Fatigue Life and Internal Heating of a Fiber-Reinforced/Ceramic-Matrix Composite
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65943/1/j.1151-2916.1994.tb04587.x.pd
Prox-imal Femoral Nail in Reverse Trochanteric Femoral Fractures: An Analysis of 53 Cases at One Year Follow-Up
Abstract Treatment of reverse oblique trochanteric femoral fractures poses a lot of challenges. There have been proponents of intramedullary devices as well as extramedullary devices. We present the results of proximal femoral nailing surgery performed for reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures using two proximal lag screws and a nail of 250 mm. There is prospective study of fifty three patients with AO/OTA 31 A-A3 fractures being treated by proximal femoral nailing in our institute after seeking approval from the Hospital ethics board. The quality of the reduction, the operative time, complications and the functional status of the patients were the parameters on which the results were evaluated. The mean Harris hip score was 76.66 (range 70 -93) and the mean Barthel activity score was 16.21 (range 12 -20). The average surgical time was 50 minutes and the mean consolidation time was 11.5 weeks. Intramedullary nailing with proximal femoral nails seems to be a good option in the treatment of reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures as against the various existing options available for the management
Renormalization: a quasi-shuffle approach
In recent years, the usual BPHZ algorithm for renormalization in perturbative
quantum field theory has been interpreted, after dimensional regularization, as
a Birkhoff decomposition of characters on the Hopf algebra of Feynman graphs,
with values in a Rota-Baxter algebra of amplitudes. We associate in this paper
to any such algebra a universal semi-group (different in nature from the
Connes-Marcolli "cosmical Galois group"). Its action on the physical amplitudes
associated to Feynman graphs produces the expected operations: Bogoliubov's
preparation map, extraction of divergences, renormalization. In this process a
key role is played by commutative and noncommutative quasi-shuffle bialgebras
whose universal properties are instrumental in encoding the renormalization
process
Computing the -binomial complexity of the Thue--Morse word
Two words are -binomially equivalent whenever they share the same
subwords, i.e., subsequences, of length at most with the same
multiplicities. This is a refinement of both abelian equivalence and the Simon
congruence. The -binomial complexity of an infinite word maps
the integer to the number of classes in the quotient, by this -binomial
equivalence relation, of the set of factors of length occurring in
. This complexity measure has not been investigated very much. In
this paper, we characterize the -binomial complexity of the Thue--Morse
word. The result is striking, compared to more familiar complexity functions.
Although the Thue--Morse word is aperiodic, its -binomial complexity
eventually takes only two values. In this paper, we first obtain general
results about the number of occurrences of subwords appearing in iterates of
the form for an arbitrary morphism . We also thoroughly
describe the factors of the Thue--Morse word by introducing a relevant new
equivalence relation
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